The 2021 rankings saw a slight reshuffling at the top since Mazda took over the top spot last year. Toyota drops to third from second last year, while Lexus managed to climb up once more from third to first.

This year the top five are rounded out by Infiniti, which saw a significant improvement in reliability, and Buick, which moved one spot to number five this year.

Consumer Reports’ brand rankings are based on detailed survey responses about individual models for the most recent three model years.

The idea of the survey is to predict the reliability of new, 2022 model-year cars and trucks, based on their recent history, for the benefit of new-vehicle shoppers today.

That’s in contrast to another well-known survey that sounds similar, the J.D. Power Vehicle Dependability Study. But it’s not quite the same thing. Instead of compiling responses for vehicles up to and including three model years old, the J.D. Power survey asks owners solely about 3-year-old vehicles that they purchased new.

Consumer Reports calculates reliability on a 0-to-100-point scale, with the average rating falling between 41 and 60 points. For a brand to be ranked, we must have sufficient survey data for two or more models.

Overall, Asian automakers are still leading reliability by a wide margin with an overall reliability average of 62 for the region. European nameplates are in second place, but trailing 18 points at 44. U.S.-based automakers score last.

Overall by category, cars—which includes sedans, hatchbacks, wagons, coupes, and convertibles—are most reliable, with an average predicted reliability score of 57. SUVs follow in second place with an average score of 50, while pickups and minivans both average 43.

In the Consumer Reports Auto Reliability survey, the Top 10 Most Reliable models are: Lexus GX (most reliable), Kia Niro EV, Toyota Prius Prime, Toyota Prius, Cadillac XT5, Mazda MX-5, Honda Insight, Toyota Highlander, Subaru XV (Crosstrek), and Mazda CX-9.

According to Consumer Reports, the Bottom 10 Least Reliable models are: Subaru Evoltis (Ascent), Chrysler Pacifica, Tesla Model Y, Volkswagen Tiguan, Volvo XC90, Chevrolet Corvette, Chevrolet Silverado 1500/GMC Sierra 1500, Ford Mustang, Ford Explorer, and Mercedes-Benz GLE (least of the least reliable).